Barlows formula
Author: m | 2025-04-24
Mathematical rigor of the formula in context of barlow s formula; Comparison with other formulas in context of barlow s formula; Relationship to other physical laws in context of barlow s formula; Derivation of Barlow s Formula in context of barlow s formula; Reading: Assumptions behind the Formula in context of barlow s formula; score Reading: Applications of Barlow’s Formula in context of barlow’s formula; Interpretation of the formula’s coefficients in context of barlow’s formula; Numerical methods
Applications of Barlow's Formula in context of barlow's formula
#7 Not sure anybody knows how to apply "Barlow's law" to the design of a water bottle...googling got me:the first sentence of that link is "Barlow's law was an incorrect physical law proposed by Peter Barlow in 1825 to describe the ability of wires to conduct electricity."Can you elaborate for us on what "Barlow's law" means to you? Thread starter #8 well barlow has many laws one of them is the one you talked about and that is wrong the one that am asking for is in the following link this formula tries to relate the internal pressure with the wall thickness of pipes #9 Barlows law as normally understood, at least in terms of pipe, is to resist internal (or external) pressure over a reasonably long distance before end caps (probably at least 5D). I don't think filling bottles with tablets is what was envisaged. Sounds like some empirical testing needed to me. It might get you to an initial start point, but axial load, external load, and torsional load (screwing a cap on and off) will have much greater impact on thickness than internal pressure IMO.My motto: Learn something new every dayAlso: There's usually a good reason why everyone does it that way #10 yeah ... never knew hoop stress = pr/t was a "law".filling bottles with tablets ... how does that produce an internal pressure ?or are you tlaking about the bottle moulding process ?Quando Omni Flunkus Moritati #11 It seems like buckling would predominate - pill bottles have much thicker walls than soda bottles. #12 Sorry, my point should have read internal pressure only. Tubes are much less strong in external buckling or collapse than they are in resisting internal pressure. If you've every had a "value" bottle of pressurised drink which is relatively strong until
Barlow's Formula – Names and nicknames for Barlow's Formula
Is a completely automated procedure. In a matter of minutes, planetary images can be captured with more resolution than anything ever taken with even the best CCD cameras!Note: More specific imaging techniques for webcams are covered on the Webcam page, but most of the details below apply equally well to imaging with CCDs or webcams.Imaging the PlanetsIn addition to a telescope and CCD camera or webcam, it is necessary to have some means for magnifying the image on the imaging sensor. This is needed due to the very small apparent sizes of the planets. To capture sufficient detail, the disk of a planet must cover quite a few pixelson the chip.PlanetApparent Size at Best Visibility*Mercury7.5"Venus25"Mars25"Jupiter45"Saturn21"Uranus3.7"Neptune2.3"Pluto0.1"* Best visibility is opposition for planets outside Earth's orbit and greatest elongation for planets inside Earth's orbit.The most common accessories for amplifying the image are Barlows and eyepiece-projection adapters. If your telescope has a fairly long focal length (2000mm or more) a Barlow will probably be sufficient. The exceptions to this might be if you have a CCD with very large pixels (16-microns or more), or if you are seeking the most detail possible and have very good seeing conditions. For smaller (shorter-focal-length) telescopes, or for large-pixel CCDs, the usual method of magnification is eyepiece projection. By shooting through an eyepiece, more magnification is provided than a Barlow can give.Note: Most Barlows provide 2x magnification, but there are some high-quality 3x Barlows available as well. Also, products such as TeleVue's Powermates and Meade's TeleExtenders provide up to 5x magnification. These are also ideal for planetary imaging.How Much Power?What amount of magnification should be used when imaging the planets? Often, an image scale of about 0.25 arcseconds/pixel has been recommended. This should reveal the most detail possible under good seeing conditions without being too much magnification. However, in excellent seeing conditions, much higher image scales have been used with much success. A scale of 0.1 arcseconds/pixel might be a better recommendation for exceptional atmospheric conditions. The required focal length depends on the size of the pixels in your CCD camera. Below is a chart showing the necessary focal length to achieve a 0.25"/pixel scale and 0.1"/pixel scale with various common pixel sizes. Formulas are given as well.0.25"/pixel: Focal Length = Pixel Size * 8250.1"/pixel: Focal Length = Pixel Size * 2060Pixel SizeFocal Length (0.25")Focal Length (0.1")3.5 microns2900mm7200mm5.6 microns (typical webcam)4600mm11,500mm6.8 microns5600mm14,000mm7.4 microns6100mm15,200mm9 microns7400mm18,500mm13 microns10,800mm26,800mm16 microns13,200mm33,000mm18 microns14,800mm37,100mm20 microns16,500mm41,200mm24 microns19,800mm49,400mmIt should be clear that the best combination for planetary imaging would be a camera will small pixels (such as a webcam) and a telescope with a long inherent focal length and large aperture. The reason for having a long inherent focal length is to make the task of increasing the focal length easier. For example, achieving a focal length of 11,500mm with a scope having an inherent focal length of 2000mm requires a 5.75x magnification factor, greater than most Barlow lenses. However, a scope with a 4000mm focal length will require only a 3x Barlow, a standard accessory.Derivation of Barlow's Formula in context of barlow's formula
Math formula makes the problem-solving process much easier. Therefore, our Math experts have prepared class 12 Maths formulas PDF for all important chapters. With the help of Maths formulas for class 12 PDF free download links, you can access the PDF file and download them on your smartphone to use anytime.The class 12 Maths formula sheet PDF can be used for multiple purposes, such as — revision and practice questions. Furthermore, it’s crucial to understand that the same formula sheet is helpful for competitive examinations such as JEE, CUET, and more.Class 12 Maths All Formulas Chapter WiseEvery single chapter of class 12 Maths has certain formulas you need to understand and remember to better solve the questions. In this section, you will find class 12 Maths formulas for all chapters — Continuity and Differentiability to Mensuration. These class 12 Maths all formulas are important to successfully solve challenging problems, so ensure you include them in your regular studies and revision. Class 12 Chapter Wise Formula Sr.No Class 12 Chapter Wise Formula 1 Continuity and Differentiability Formula 2 Application of Derivatives Formula 3 Integrals Formula 4 Applications of Integrals Formula 5 Three Dimensional Geometry Formula 6 Sets, Relations, Functions & Binary Operation Formula 7 Complex Number Formula 8 Quadratics Equations Formula 9 Sequence And Series Formula 10 Permutation and Combination Formula 11 Binomial Theorem Formula 12 Exponential and Logarithmic Series Formula 13 Trigonometric Functions Formula 14 Inverse Trigonometric Functions Formula 15 Solution and Triangles Formula 16 Cartesian Functions of Rectangular Coordinates Formula 17 The Straight Line Formula 18 Family of Lines Formula 19 Circles and Family of Circles Formula 20 Conic Section Formula 21 Frequency Tables Formula 22 Linear Programming Formula 23 Probability Formula 24 Vector Algebra Formula 25 Functions, Limits and Continuity Formula 26 Differentiation of Their Application Formula 27 Indefinite and Definite Integral Formula 28 Differential Equations Formula 29 Matrices and Determinants Formula 30 Mensuration Formula 1. Continuity and Differentiability FormulasThis topic includes rules or formulas for checking continuity and differentiability, along with derivatives of functions like logarithmic, exponential, and trigonometric functions. With the help of the class 12. Mathematical rigor of the formula in context of barlow s formula; Comparison with other formulas in context of barlow s formula; Relationship to other physical laws in context of barlow s formula; Derivation of Barlow s Formula in context of barlow s formula; Reading: Assumptions behind the Formula in context of barlow s formula; scoreDerivation of Barlow s Formula in context of barlow s formula
Acerb aceta ached aches acold acred acres acros acted actor adbot adobe adore aedes ahead ahold alate albas alder alecs alert aloes aloha altar alter altho altos aorta arbor arced ardeb ardor areae areal areas areca arete arhat arles arose arras arrow artal artel ascot ashed aster atlas award aware awash awols baaed baals babas babel babes bacca bahts balas 6-Letter Words (902 found) abased abaser abated abater abates abator abbots abeles abhors ablate ablest aboard abodes aboral aborts abrade abroad absorb accede accord accost acetal actors adbots adhere adobes adorbs adorer adores adsorb adware aerate aerobe aether aholds ahorse alated alates albedo alcade alders aldose alerts alohas altars alters althea aortae aortal aortas arable arbors arcade arched archer arches ardebs ardors arecas areola areole aretes arhats arrest arroba arrows artels ashlar ashler ashore astral awards babels baccae bached 7-Letter Words (775 found) abashed abaters abators ablated ablates ablator aborted aborter abrader abrades abreact abreast abroach acceder accedes accords accrete acerate acerber acerola acerose acetals acetose acrobat actable adherer adheres adorers adwares aerated aerates aerator aerobat aerobes aerosat aethers alastor albedos alcades alerted alerter altered alterer altheas arables arbored arbores arcades archers areolae areolar areolas areoles arrased arrobas arroces arrowed ascared awardee awarder baccate balboas baldest barbate barbels barbers barbets barbots barcode barlows barrels barrets barrows barters barware 8-Letter Words (477 found) abhorred ablators aborters abraders abreacts absorbed absorber acarbose acceders accolade accorder accosted accreted accretes acerated acerbate acerbest acerolas acrobats acrolect adherers adorable adsorber aerators aerobats albacore albedoes alcahestBarlow's Formula - easycalculation.com
Skip to main content Eng-Tips is the largest engineering community on the Internet Intelligent Work Forums for Engineering Professionals Congratulations LittleInch on being selected by the Eng-Tips community for having the most helpful posts in the forums last week. Way to Go! Home Forums People Mechanical Engineers Mechanical engineering general discussion You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.You should upgrade or use an alternative browser. Barlow's law applications Thread starter laithrahim Start date Feb 12, 2014 Status Not open for further replies. #1 i am new to barlow's law, we are trying to determine the min wall thickness of HDPE bottle utilizing Barlow's law we would like to hear your comments on such approach is it valid to use such equation to our purpose also we would like to know what does design stress mean in barlow's law and how can we calculate it or obtain it thanks a lot Replies continue below Recommended for you #2 Thread starter #3 actually this document that highlighted barlows law for me but do you have any info concerning the design stress thanks a lot #4 design stress considerations at #5 The document from robyeng is very useful and should give you sufficient pointers.Your key consideration is how long do you want the item to last / be under pressure or stress of any sort and what temperature are you going to operate it at.Then use the graphs and data from the stress graphs listed in the document.My motto: Learn something new every dayAlso: There's usually a good reason why everyone does it that way Thread starter #6 thanks a lot littleInch do you think Barlow's law is applicaple to determine the thickness of bottles which is intended to carry tablets or capsulesBarlow's Formula for Pipe Formula - formuladen.com
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Every scope Celestron manufactures includes the following information in its specifications chart: the minimum useful magnification and the maximum useful magnification. This information provides the theoretical limits for each telescope model. These limits assume a night of good stable atmosphere, good transparency, a scope that has been allowed to cool to ambient air temperature, and well collimated optics (for Newtonians and Cassegrains).If you choose an eyepiece that causes the telescope to exceed its highest useful magnification, the image will be magnified but will not carry or enhance any more details. This is generally defined as 60x per inch (25.4mm) of aperture. If you choose an eyepiece that provides magnification lower than the lowest useful magnification, the exit pupil becomes larger than what the human eye can support. Your view will become vignetted (encircled by a black ring) and you’ll never see the entire field of view. The lowest useful magnification is 3.6x per inch (25.4mm) of aperture.For this article, we’ll use the AstroMaster 130EQ as an example. This telescope’s focal length is 650mm. (To find the focal length of your telescope, look at the telescope’s nameplate or retaining ring.) The aperture is 130mm. The scope’s highest useful magnification is 307x and the lowest is roughly 19x. To determine the focal lengths of eyepieces that fall within the magnification limits, you must take the focal length and divide by the magnification. For the AstroMaster 130EQ, the highest useful magnification is achieved with a 2.1mm focal length eyepiece. The lowest useful magnification is achieved with a 34mm focal length eyepiece. Celestron offers several options for eyepieces that fall within these limits.A 2.3mm X-Cel LX eyepiece will give you 282x, which is close to the highest useful magnification of the optics. An Omni 4mm eyepiece with a 2x Barlow lens will exceed your highest useful magnification at 325x. It’s unlikely that any eyepiece will be a perfect match, but with the right combinations of eyepieces and Barlows, you can achieve numbers that are very close.Remember, the performance of your telescope will always be limited by your seeing conditions. Choosing an eyepiece with too much magnification on a night with poor seeing conditions will only magnify the turbulence in the atmosphere, providing poor quality views.To determine the magnification of a given eyepiece when paired with your telescope, use this equation:. Mathematical rigor of the formula in context of barlow s formula; Comparison with other formulas in context of barlow s formula; Relationship to other physical laws in context of barlow s formula; Derivation of Barlow s Formula in context of barlow s formula; Reading: Assumptions behind the Formula in context of barlow s formula; score Reading: Applications of Barlow’s Formula in context of barlow’s formula; Interpretation of the formula’s coefficients in context of barlow’s formula; Numerical methods
Barlow’s Piping Formula - Corrosionpedia
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Edit. Any of these options will redisplay the Formula Workshop and Formula Editor with the formula in it. An even quicker method of editing is available after you ve placed the formula on your report. In either the Design or Preview tab, click the formula. Notice in the status bar that the formula name is preceded by the @ sign. Crystal Reports automatically adds this symbol to the beginning of all formulas you create. Now that you ve selected the formula, simply right-click and choose Edit Formula from the pop-up menu. The formula will reappear in the Formula Editor, ready for you to modify. If you wish to rename a formula, you may do so either from the Formula Fields category of the Field Explorer or the Formula Workshop. If you are using the Field Explorer, begin by selecting the formula you want to rename. Then, you may either click the Rename button in the Field Explorer toolbar or press the F2 key. You may also right-click the formula and choose Rename from the pop-up menu. The name will become editable ”type the new name and either click outside the formula name or press ENTER. If you ve used this formula inside other formulas or elsewhere on your report, Crystal Reports will change the name there, too. To rename a formula in the Formula Workshop, use identical steps to select and rename the formula. If you select a formula on the report and press the DEL key, you remove that particular occurrence of the formula from the report. However, the formula remains in the Field Explorer and takes up memory and storage space when you save the report. If you re sure you no longer need the formula, delete it entirely. This must be done from the Formula Fields category of the Field Explorer or the Formula Workshop. Select the formula you want to delete and press the DEL key. You can also choose the Delete button from the appropriate toolbar, or right-click the formula name and choose Delete from the pop-up menu. The formula will be removed from the dialog box. Caution If you remove a formula that is in use somewhere else on the report, such as in another formula or in a hidden section, you ll be given a warning, because when you delete this formula, other formulas dependent upon it may stop working. In some cases,Comments
#7 Not sure anybody knows how to apply "Barlow's law" to the design of a water bottle...googling got me:the first sentence of that link is "Barlow's law was an incorrect physical law proposed by Peter Barlow in 1825 to describe the ability of wires to conduct electricity."Can you elaborate for us on what "Barlow's law" means to you? Thread starter #8 well barlow has many laws one of them is the one you talked about and that is wrong the one that am asking for is in the following link this formula tries to relate the internal pressure with the wall thickness of pipes #9 Barlows law as normally understood, at least in terms of pipe, is to resist internal (or external) pressure over a reasonably long distance before end caps (probably at least 5D). I don't think filling bottles with tablets is what was envisaged. Sounds like some empirical testing needed to me. It might get you to an initial start point, but axial load, external load, and torsional load (screwing a cap on and off) will have much greater impact on thickness than internal pressure IMO.My motto: Learn something new every dayAlso: There's usually a good reason why everyone does it that way #10 yeah ... never knew hoop stress = pr/t was a "law".filling bottles with tablets ... how does that produce an internal pressure ?or are you tlaking about the bottle moulding process ?Quando Omni Flunkus Moritati #11 It seems like buckling would predominate - pill bottles have much thicker walls than soda bottles. #12 Sorry, my point should have read internal pressure only. Tubes are much less strong in external buckling or collapse than they are in resisting internal pressure. If you've every had a "value" bottle of pressurised drink which is relatively strong until
2025-04-05Is a completely automated procedure. In a matter of minutes, planetary images can be captured with more resolution than anything ever taken with even the best CCD cameras!Note: More specific imaging techniques for webcams are covered on the Webcam page, but most of the details below apply equally well to imaging with CCDs or webcams.Imaging the PlanetsIn addition to a telescope and CCD camera or webcam, it is necessary to have some means for magnifying the image on the imaging sensor. This is needed due to the very small apparent sizes of the planets. To capture sufficient detail, the disk of a planet must cover quite a few pixelson the chip.PlanetApparent Size at Best Visibility*Mercury7.5"Venus25"Mars25"Jupiter45"Saturn21"Uranus3.7"Neptune2.3"Pluto0.1"* Best visibility is opposition for planets outside Earth's orbit and greatest elongation for planets inside Earth's orbit.The most common accessories for amplifying the image are Barlows and eyepiece-projection adapters. If your telescope has a fairly long focal length (2000mm or more) a Barlow will probably be sufficient. The exceptions to this might be if you have a CCD with very large pixels (16-microns or more), or if you are seeking the most detail possible and have very good seeing conditions. For smaller (shorter-focal-length) telescopes, or for large-pixel CCDs, the usual method of magnification is eyepiece projection. By shooting through an eyepiece, more magnification is provided than a Barlow can give.Note: Most Barlows provide 2x magnification, but there are some high-quality 3x Barlows available as well. Also, products such as TeleVue's Powermates and Meade's TeleExtenders provide up to 5x magnification. These are also ideal for planetary imaging.How Much Power?What amount of magnification should be used when imaging the planets? Often, an image scale of about 0.25 arcseconds/pixel has been recommended. This should reveal the most detail possible under good seeing conditions without being too much magnification. However, in excellent seeing conditions, much higher image scales have been used with much success. A scale of 0.1 arcseconds/pixel might be a better recommendation for exceptional atmospheric conditions. The required focal length depends on the size of the pixels in your CCD camera. Below is a chart showing the necessary focal length to achieve a 0.25"/pixel scale and 0.1"/pixel scale with various common pixel sizes. Formulas are given as well.0.25"/pixel: Focal Length = Pixel Size * 8250.1"/pixel: Focal Length = Pixel Size * 2060Pixel SizeFocal Length (0.25")Focal Length (0.1")3.5 microns2900mm7200mm5.6 microns (typical webcam)4600mm11,500mm6.8 microns5600mm14,000mm7.4 microns6100mm15,200mm9 microns7400mm18,500mm13 microns10,800mm26,800mm16 microns13,200mm33,000mm18 microns14,800mm37,100mm20 microns16,500mm41,200mm24 microns19,800mm49,400mmIt should be clear that the best combination for planetary imaging would be a camera will small pixels (such as a webcam) and a telescope with a long inherent focal length and large aperture. The reason for having a long inherent focal length is to make the task of increasing the focal length easier. For example, achieving a focal length of 11,500mm with a scope having an inherent focal length of 2000mm requires a 5.75x magnification factor, greater than most Barlow lenses. However, a scope with a 4000mm focal length will require only a 3x Barlow, a standard accessory.
2025-04-13Acerb aceta ached aches acold acred acres acros acted actor adbot adobe adore aedes ahead ahold alate albas alder alecs alert aloes aloha altar alter altho altos aorta arbor arced ardeb ardor areae areal areas areca arete arhat arles arose arras arrow artal artel ascot ashed aster atlas award aware awash awols baaed baals babas babel babes bacca bahts balas 6-Letter Words (902 found) abased abaser abated abater abates abator abbots abeles abhors ablate ablest aboard abodes aboral aborts abrade abroad absorb accede accord accost acetal actors adbots adhere adobes adorbs adorer adores adsorb adware aerate aerobe aether aholds ahorse alated alates albedo alcade alders aldose alerts alohas altars alters althea aortae aortal aortas arable arbors arcade arched archer arches ardebs ardors arecas areola areole aretes arhats arrest arroba arrows artels ashlar ashler ashore astral awards babels baccae bached 7-Letter Words (775 found) abashed abaters abators ablated ablates ablator aborted aborter abrader abrades abreact abreast abroach acceder accedes accords accrete acerate acerber acerola acerose acetals acetose acrobat actable adherer adheres adorers adwares aerated aerates aerator aerobat aerobes aerosat aethers alastor albedos alcades alerted alerter altered alterer altheas arables arbored arbores arcades archers areolae areolar areolas areoles arrased arrobas arroces arrowed ascared awardee awarder baccate balboas baldest barbate barbels barbers barbets barbots barcode barlows barrels barrets barrows barters barware 8-Letter Words (477 found) abhorred ablators aborters abraders abreacts absorbed absorber acarbose acceders accolade accorder accosted accreted accretes acerated acerbate acerbest acerolas acrobats acrolect adherers adorable adsorber aerators aerobats albacore albedoes alcahest
2025-04-09Skip to main content Eng-Tips is the largest engineering community on the Internet Intelligent Work Forums for Engineering Professionals Congratulations LittleInch on being selected by the Eng-Tips community for having the most helpful posts in the forums last week. Way to Go! Home Forums People Mechanical Engineers Mechanical engineering general discussion You are using an out of date browser. It may not display this or other websites correctly.You should upgrade or use an alternative browser. Barlow's law applications Thread starter laithrahim Start date Feb 12, 2014 Status Not open for further replies. #1 i am new to barlow's law, we are trying to determine the min wall thickness of HDPE bottle utilizing Barlow's law we would like to hear your comments on such approach is it valid to use such equation to our purpose also we would like to know what does design stress mean in barlow's law and how can we calculate it or obtain it thanks a lot Replies continue below Recommended for you #2 Thread starter #3 actually this document that highlighted barlows law for me but do you have any info concerning the design stress thanks a lot #4 design stress considerations at #5 The document from robyeng is very useful and should give you sufficient pointers.Your key consideration is how long do you want the item to last / be under pressure or stress of any sort and what temperature are you going to operate it at.Then use the graphs and data from the stress graphs listed in the document.My motto: Learn something new every dayAlso: There's usually a good reason why everyone does it that way Thread starter #6 thanks a lot littleInch do you think Barlow's law is applicaple to determine the thickness of bottles which is intended to carry tablets or capsules
2025-03-31Every scope Celestron manufactures includes the following information in its specifications chart: the minimum useful magnification and the maximum useful magnification. This information provides the theoretical limits for each telescope model. These limits assume a night of good stable atmosphere, good transparency, a scope that has been allowed to cool to ambient air temperature, and well collimated optics (for Newtonians and Cassegrains).If you choose an eyepiece that causes the telescope to exceed its highest useful magnification, the image will be magnified but will not carry or enhance any more details. This is generally defined as 60x per inch (25.4mm) of aperture. If you choose an eyepiece that provides magnification lower than the lowest useful magnification, the exit pupil becomes larger than what the human eye can support. Your view will become vignetted (encircled by a black ring) and you’ll never see the entire field of view. The lowest useful magnification is 3.6x per inch (25.4mm) of aperture.For this article, we’ll use the AstroMaster 130EQ as an example. This telescope’s focal length is 650mm. (To find the focal length of your telescope, look at the telescope’s nameplate or retaining ring.) The aperture is 130mm. The scope’s highest useful magnification is 307x and the lowest is roughly 19x. To determine the focal lengths of eyepieces that fall within the magnification limits, you must take the focal length and divide by the magnification. For the AstroMaster 130EQ, the highest useful magnification is achieved with a 2.1mm focal length eyepiece. The lowest useful magnification is achieved with a 34mm focal length eyepiece. Celestron offers several options for eyepieces that fall within these limits.A 2.3mm X-Cel LX eyepiece will give you 282x, which is close to the highest useful magnification of the optics. An Omni 4mm eyepiece with a 2x Barlow lens will exceed your highest useful magnification at 325x. It’s unlikely that any eyepiece will be a perfect match, but with the right combinations of eyepieces and Barlows, you can achieve numbers that are very close.Remember, the performance of your telescope will always be limited by your seeing conditions. Choosing an eyepiece with too much magnification on a night with poor seeing conditions will only magnify the turbulence in the atmosphere, providing poor quality views.To determine the magnification of a given eyepiece when paired with your telescope, use this equation:
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